Summaries of ASTM standards

• Specimen is rectangular in cross-section

• Length x Width x Depth - 200 mm x 75 mm x Thickness of Sandwich Construction

• Make sure to test at least five specimens per test condition unless you are confident that the results obtained are valid through the use of fewer specimens.

• Apparatus: Universal Testing Machine (UTM)

Figure 1: Universal Testing Machine (UTM)

1. Condition the specimen in a chamber if the test environment is not the same as a conditioned environment.

2. Measure the length, width and thickness at three places in the specimen.

3. Place the specimen into the test fixture as shown in the equipment and apparatus section.

4. Attach the deflection transducer.

5. Apply a compressive force to the specimen until failure or until a deflection equal to the thickness is reached.

• 3-point or 4-point bend test

Figure 3: 3-Point Bend Test

Figure 4: 4-Point Bend Test

• Force versus crosshead displacement, force versus deflection data continuously, or at frequent intervals (around 2-3 recordings per second, with a target minimum of 100 recorded data points)

• If there are any initial failures, record force, displacement and mode of damage where the failure occurs. 

• Record mode, area and location of each failure. 

• Use the failure identification codes, shown in the figure below.

• Record the max force, failure force, head displacement and the deflection at the moment of ultimate failure. 

• For ultimate failure modes, record the mode, area and location of ultimate failure for each material. 

• Calculations:

  • For 3-Point Mid-Span Loading:

    • 
    • 
    • 

  • For 4-Point, Quarter-point loading:

    • 
    • 
    • 

  • For 4-Point (Third Point) Loading:

    • 
    • 
    • 

• Test at least 5 specimens

• Apparatus: Universal Testing Machine (UTM)

Figure 1: Universal Testing Machine (UTM)

1. Measure the specimen in 3 places and report average thickness and width as well as average area. 

• Tensile Test

• Equipment required:

  • Special Alignment Jig as shown in the figure below.

• Apparatus will be a compression test fixture

• Condition specimens

• Apply strain gages/extensometers to both faces of the specimen

• Monitor test temperature using thermocouples.

• If needed, move the testing machine crosshead to open the distance between the 2 housing blocks so both the upper and lower wedge rip assemblies may be accessed. 

• Close the upper grips manually to check the specimens vertical displacement. Do it with the lower grips as well. The upper grips should be in full contact with the wedge when closed. Repeat if we need to. 

• Attach strain transducers if they will be used. Then, attach the strain recording instrumentation to the strain gages or other transducers on the specimen. Then, remove any remaining preload and zero the transducer(s).

• Apply the force to the fixture at the specified rate until failure while recording data.

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qfHoq9w3glE

This video is a good example of this test being carried out.

• Failure modes:

  • Record them by giving a code as shown in figure 9, below:

• There are a few unacceptable failure modes including end-crushing and euler buckling. 

*remember all these formulas will be in the astm document for finding the above values*

• Test at least five specimens per test condition

• Same as ASTM D3039 standard along with the following:

• Same as ASTM D3039

• Same as ASTM D3039 as well as:

  • This test will have normal strain instrumentation in both the longitudinal and transverse directions. It will also have a continuous/nearly continuous force normal strain data recording. 

• Tensile Test

*Again, all these formulas will be in the confluence page*

•   The above is the diagram of the geometry

• Test at least 10 test specimens for each adhesive.

• Discard specimens that give out of line test results due to obvious flaws and then retest.

• I believe that we can use a UTM but I’m not 100% sure about it.

• A picture of the testing apparatus is shown in the figure below:

Figure 1: 90-degree peel tester

Figure 2: UTM I think but, this setup is a vertical peel test.

• Prep the specimen.

• Precondition the test specimen.

• Test the specimen as soon as possible after conditioning

• Place the specimen in the test apparatus

• Wait until failure

• Peel Test, which is very similar to a tensile test (in my opinion). A video of this test being carried out is shown below.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m6Rd6I-XMMg

Note that none of these variables have symbols/formulas.

• Will conform to the following geometry:

  

• At least 20 specimens shall be tested, representing at least four different joints

Testing apparatus shown in figure 1, below.

• Prepare the test specimens.

• Place the test specimen in the apparatus.

• Apply a load onto the test specimens until failure occurs.

• Shearing tool/shearing tester. The following video shows what this testing apparatus looks like.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iRBkWFmCyco

Note that none of these had associated calculations/symbols

• Use these dimensions if you can:

• Test 10 test specimens for each adhesive

• Apparatus:

Figure 1: Pendulum-type testing apparatus

• Put the specimen in the jig that is in the vise of the machine so the specimen butts squarely against the end of the jig.

• Rest the impact head against the specimen and adjust the jig so the head fits squarely against the impact face.

• Raise the impact head and release the safety catch.

• We will then note the impact energy absorbed.

• Pendulum-type test

Note that none of these have symbols.

• Prepare a minimum of 5 lap shear samples in each case and test.

• See figure 1 below for the recommended geometry of the lap shear samples

• UTM

• Apply the adhesive in accordance with the adhesive suppliers recommendations. 

• Adhesive Cure—Cure the adhesive at room temperature or elevated temperature using prescribed conditions determined by the adhesive supplier.

• Tensile test.

Note that none of the following are calculations