This page is intended to provide resources for anyone getting started working with batteries to get a working understanding of battery systems, and the considerations (safety, efficiency, etc) that have influenced the pack design. I will attempt to turn these into pdf form so we don't lose the links and valuable info. It may end up being a page where I dump a bunch of links that were helpful to me in designing the pack, but hopefully it stays organized!
The following links provide a basic understanding a battery systems. Everyone working with the battery system should read and understand the battery ratings, safety measures, and limits in the Battery Safety Link.
General Lithium Battery Safety:
https://www.rchelicopterfun.com/lipo-batteries.html
Lithium Ion Battery Chemistry:
There is a video on youtube from the vaping community that explains the different chemistries very well as well.
Datasheets:
LG MJ1 Datasheet:
LG Li-Ion MSDS:
LG MJ1 MSDS:
MSDS for a battery pack that uses MJ1 cells:
Electric Bike guide on Battery Pack Designing and Building:
Part 1 - Battery configurations, cell layout
Part 2 - 18650 anatomy, busbar layout, materials, spot weldign tuips, insulation
Part 3 - Spot welding vs soldering, spot welder comparison, flat pouch cells, and tips from the former head battery engineer at Zero motorcycles (don't flash vaporize the electrolyte and melt the separator when spot welding to the negative can and contaminate the electrolyte)
Another guide on building a simpler e-Bike pack: http://www.ebikeschool.com/how-to-build-a-diy-electric-bicycle-lithium-battery-from-18650-cells/
Spot Welding:
K-Weld build thread on Endless Sphere
Dave Jones EEVBlog Li-ion Videos:
Li-ion/Polymer Battery Charging Tutorial
Charging Lithium Batteries with power supplies
Determining State Of Charge - SoC:
http://liionbms.com/php/wp_soc_estimate.php
ASC Presentations on Battery Packs:
Battery Basics: http://americansolarchallenge.org/ASC/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/2015-Solar-Car-Conference-Battery-Electrical.pdf
How to Build a Pack: http://americansolarchallenge.org/ASC/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/190202_How-to-Build-a-Pack.pdf
Building Batteries with Li-ion Cells: http://americansolarchallenge.org/ASC/wp-content/uploads/2013/01/high_cell_count.pdf
Other Pages:
Lots of info here: http://liionbms.com/php/white_papers.php
Tons of detail can be found on this page and the links therein: https://www.mpoweruk.com/testing.htm#impedance
Dissipative vs Non-Dissipative Balancing (Active vs Passive): http://liionbms.com/php/wp_passive_active_balancing.php
Internal Resistance: https://www.rchelicopterfun.com/lipo-internal-resistance.html
NASA Battery Design Presentations:
https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/darcy_-_nasa_batt_workshop_2015.pdf
http://cii-resource.com/cet/FBC-05-04/Presentations/BMGT/Darcy_Eric.pdf
Cell Balance: https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/cap_bal_dur_li-ion_cell_life_testing_sklaus.pdf
Contains cell screening report: https://www.energytech.org/wp-content/uploads/ET2016Presentations/ET16-4G2DevelopmentofDistributedLithiumIonBatteryforSpaceSuitMiller.pdf
Battery Building Kits - Interesting but not suitable for our applications
Overview of multiple kits
Nickel and Copper 18650 kits - (Ann Power) These are the most interesting option as they spot weld the pack and have a integrated copper busbars. These were originally decided against because they were expensive.
Energus
Battery Bloc - Made by Shawn McCarthy who rode his eBike across the United states.
Masters Thesis on Battery Internal Resistance: https://dc.uwm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1246&context=etd