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  • You usually want to play a 0.01 strain rate per minute or 0.10 strain rate per minute so that you can see in full detailed curve of how the material slowly reacts as stress increases over time.

    • considering you have a 125 mm length, you are looking at a load rate of about 0.01 mm/min and you are aiming to allow the material to reach 0.05 strain (about 6 mm) or failure. That is a total of 600 minutes to reach 0.05 strain.

      • to be honest I don’t clearly remember how to calculate maximum depth of testing. Worth revisiting. -Tommy

      • Maximum 3 mm deflection should be enough to see the carbon fibre sample eventually reach failure. You will see in-person the stress curve and if it does not fail, then feel free to continue the experiment.

  • From experience, and for practical purposes, you can start at 0.5 mm/min. The testing lab technician will also like you better for this.

    • If you are doing multiple tests, and you think the maximum stress will be easily captured, you can speed up to 1 mm/min.

Data Processing

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-point_flexural_test#Standards

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Results

Table #1: List of variables recorded for experiment

Variable

Quantity

Note

L = Support Span (mm)

31.6

Approximate measurement

b = Width of test beam (mm)

Varied by Specimen

Averaged measurement

d = depth of beam (mm)

Varied by Specimen

Averaged measurement

Load rate (mm/min)

1 mm/min

Greater than standard, but was used for sake of time and practicality

Maximum deflection (mm)

3 mm

Greater than standard, but allowed to show the material’s properties consistently up to failure

Table #2: Dimensions of test specimens

Specimen

L = Support Span (mm)

b = Width of test beam (mm)

d = depth of beam (mm)

m (N/mm)

1

31.6

16.51, 15.92, 15.53

avg = 15.987

1.15, 1.33, 1.09

avg = 1.19

120

2

31.6

14.63, 15.61, 14.39

avg = 14.877

1.38, 1.59, 1.42

avg = 1.463

94

3

31.6

15.24, 15.35, 15.10

avg = 15.23

0.98, 0.96, 0.93

avg = 0.957

35.7

4

31.6

13.70, 14.42, 14.62

avg = 14.247

0.98, 0.92, 0.92

avg = 0.94

10.4

Tensile Testing

Specimen Preparation

The Definitive Guide to ASTM D3039 - Instron

  • The minimum length of the specimen is equal to the total gripping length + 2 x width + gauge length, but greater lengths are recommended in order to minimize bending stresses.

  • Need to ask Mark about gripping length and tabbing options

    • tabbing is required to reduce the chance of material failure at the grips

    • Can ask Mark about a wedge grip that helps to reduce stress concentrations

    • Can bond steel tabs at the ends of specimen

Load Rate

The Definitive Guide to ASTM D3039 - Instron

  • ASTM D3039 requires that the test should produce a failure within 1 to 10 minutes. The suggested test speeds are either a strain rate of 0.01 min-1 or a constant crosshead speed of 2 mm/min (0.05 in/min). The general practice is to conduct the test at a constant crosshead speed.